Lifting and propulsion device for use on air vehicles



Aug. 13, 1935. I 0. K. QUAST LIFTING AND PROPULSION DEVICE FOR USE VEHICLES Filed April 2, 1954 INVEN TOR.

Patented 13-, 1935 I I l I 2,611,306 I I LIFTING AND rKoPULsrNpavIcn-Foa .UNITED STATES Farm USE ON AIR viiiucms OttoKarlQuast, sto m, Wa h. I Application April 2, 1934; Serial No. I I i Claims) worm-141) I The general object of the present invention resisting'band in place by connecting it with the to provide an apparatus by means of which to upper rim of: said stationary receptacle 3; the elevate heavy loads vertically iii a gas and in -m'.imeral l iindieates a globelet in position when a fluid medium and to pro el the same therein. the said rotatable body is at rest, and It indicates 5 Another or the main object of the present in the gap between the lip H of said air expeller vention is toapply said'appai'atus to air vehicles l3 from which blades 8 somewhat recede to form designed to ascend and to desceiidvertically and said lip I1, and t8 the up er rim of said stationary also by means of which to hover at will at any dereceptacle 3; and referring to the said elementary sired heightand given or chose'ii point above the fnnctionihgs involved, when the said air expeller 1 ground. a a

With the above and other objects in view, the said blades I eentrifugally matward and is spread invention consists in the novel construction, arblanket like by the fence of direction of rotation rangemerit andior'hiation otparts as'will be hereof said air expeller l3; and as this said outflow I rafter more especially described and claimed and ing and revolving air blanket bridges the'said which are shown in the accompanying" drawing, gap I0 between said lip" and the said upper rim 15 by which several embodiments of the invention It of said stationary r c pta a is he are diagrammatically illustrated by way of eitdrawn by it from the-inner space of said staticnample. l aiy receptacle .3, forming anarea of low pressure Fig; 1 is a general top plan View of said lifting therein, and then fu'll atmospheric pressure re revolves; a column'of air is then expelled by 1 a apparatus operating on a horizontal plan; tallied on theuppei" surface ofvthe said sheet or 20' Fig. 2 is a view" in section or Fig: 1 taken on airflblanket' in motion xwill therefore bend the line 2- 2 thereof: I I I j latter toa greater or lesser degree-o1 tangle down '3 is a gefie'ral top pier; viewof a modified ward; depending on the greater or lesser forces lifting apparatus of Fig. I and is of a multiple imparted to the otltfiowing air, and according construction thereof; 1 I

Fig. 4 is a view in section of Fig. 3 taken or lowered: to guarantee a: perfect bridging be line thereof r I I tweenlip H of said air'expeller l3 andthe upper Pig. 5 is a top plan view of a modifiediifting rim llxof said stationary receptacle 3; a lower apparatus of Fig. 1, ing of air expeller W iscalle'd for when air therewifli thesai'ct air eirpe'llenfi must be raised 5 0 Fig; 6 isa view in section 5 taken is expelled at a greater velocity; as it willthen line thereof. withstand or counte act the atmospheric pressure Referring more part-icnlarly to drawing rromabcve more readily and will therefore bridge throughout which like refer-ease numerals dessaid cap H between said ex'peller 'lip I1 and igriatelike and the elementary functionings rim to of a said stationary receptacle 3 ch a much involveatne'nameral IcrFi'g; Iindicates adrive straighter line cr-anglc; when the said outflow 5 shalt entering through bottom? of'thesta ing air passes over said rim it without slightly tionary receptacle iv and is hel'tl in. position and; contacting the latter, air will then rush into re operates in a bearing 4 that; is ccnnecteate said ceptacle 3' am underneath the said outfiowirig bottom t cf'said stationary receptacle 3; and a air blanket and destroy the low pressure 40 i p a 5 i held i p i ion andkevedto said asereated, but an: the other hand, when theline c i drive chart- I with blades e bolted radially to the of time of outflow is that it strikes theiaaer upper or said disk plate 8, arms or cross serrate or the wall or said receptacle 3, this else i bars 1 are connected to said drive shaft l and to or utewisewindestrcy the law pressure therein;

- wmc ssidcro s saw hi t d ndw elwlvts operating saiu nrtmgapparatus Fig.- i it was on ballst by meansod' flexible came 9 the m ta at the above said perfect bridging be" 45 said drive shaft I,- diskplate' a cades I; tween H p H and ranil aj leakageweuldresultre I, globelets or balls 8 and flexible cable 9, these gafdlsof the thrift-fig of'all factors 1 makeup asa whole thelifting apparatus rotatquestion; which was reaci-i ever: able body; and a pipe or air inlet 10 connects the come when applying the said revolving hinged inner space of said receptacle 3through bottom self-adjustable globelets' 8, by their revolving 5O 2 thereof with the open atmosphere and is conin close contact with said air blanket and the trolled by valve l I; a cowling or pressure resistinner surface of said wall of said receptacle 3; ing band I2 encircles at a proper distance the air it was also found that the atmospheric presexpeller I 3 formed of said disk plate 5 and blades sure above the said air blanket when bridg- 6, and braces l4 hold said cowling or pressure ing said gap 16 at an angle would herebe as great 55 I from a lateral direction as that from astraight line above; therefore, it will be understood that by placement of said cowling or pressure resisting band I2, the said lateral pressure is eliminated as proven by its attachment and the resultant increase of lifting capacity of the model on hand; the static atmospheric pressure being equal per square inch under said bottom 2 of said stationary receptacle 3 to that of the upper surface per square inch of said air-expeller I3,but which latter is of a smaller, area, a greater total atmospheric pressure exerts itself therefore on the lower side of said lifting apparatus and causes it to rise, the energy imparted to the air bridging horizontally said gap l6 it will be seen absorbs the difference, so that therefore when a true bridging by said air of said gap [6 is attained, this we may assume will produce a nearly complete vac uum in said receptacle 3, supplying a great lift ing force per square foot area of said gap l6 of said lifting apparatus; operating valve I I, air intake pipe NJ, to decrease or 'to increase the low pressure inreceptacle 3 willre'gulate the ascension and descension of an aircraft provided with said lifting apparatus.

In the construction of lifting apparatus Fig. 3,

an outer receptacle 3 of less depth surrounds the inner, or said receptacle 3 of Fig. 1, andcross bars or braces l9 connected to said drive shaft I extend outward flush over saidrim I of' said inner receptacle 3, a second or lower air expeller l3 consisting of an annularv disk plate 5 andblades 6 connected tosaid cross bars or arms [9, cross' bars 1 connected by braces Zi'Lto said lower air expeller 13 with globelets 8 hinged to said cross 5 bars I by said flexible cable 95 in this construction said drive shaft I, supper disk plate Sand blades 6 making up the said upper air expeller I 3, cross bars or arms. i9, annular disk plate5 4 and blades 6 making up said lower 'air expeller 9!. l3, and braces 26, cross'bars 1, lobelets 8, cable 9, all these makeup as'a whole or as one-unit the apparatus rotatable body; it will be apparent thatin this construction the air expelled by the said upper air expeller l3 and bridging said gap lBof said inner receptacle 3 enters the'path of blades 6 of said lower air expeller l3.with energy retained, and further'on errtering'the field of I'D-1 tation of said lowerair expeller/encounters less resistance, causing'a more effective bridging of, ';S&ld gap l6 of said inner receptacle 3, and caus ingithe air expelled byrsaid' lower air expeller to.

bridge gap l6 of the saidouterzreceptacle'more.

effectively also; thus it will be seen that when carrying the construction of said lifting appara-' tusinto multiplicity that thereby the energy units imparted will be more fullyfconverted into lifting force. Y a 1 In construction of lifting apparatus:Fig. 5,.said receptacle 3 is fashioned bowl' like and is keyed Q solidly to said drive shaft l "and becomes part of the said rotatable body; when this lifting apparatus rotates so that said gap IB'is bridged by air from said air expeller 13, the air ;contained in i said bowl shaped receptacle 3, and the air leak inginto it after first exhaustion, is centrifugally forced to said rim I 8 to augment and be carried, over said rim 8 by the air from air expeller L3;

in the former constructionswith their stationary 1 receptacle 3, said air is expelled in like manner, being set in rotation by said rotating air blanket bridging gap l6, by pull of its own weight outward; were it not for the advantages here depicted, a plate inside of said upper rim $8 of receptacle 3 would serve equally as well; when also applying blades 6 to the lower surface of air expeller l3, it was found that said blades would not expedite or increase the low pressure in receptacle 3, which said low-pressure is entirely determined by the velocity of the air passing over said gap it.

.:Having thus described my invention, it being understood that appropriate changes may be resorted to in its construction without departing to said drive shaft, blades bolted or attached to, the upper surface of said disk plate and radiating from its center and which constitute said apparatus air expeller, cross bars or arms attached to said drive shaft, afiexible intermediate connecting member attached to said'cross bars or arms, hollow globeletsor balls attached tosaid intermediate member, a stationary receptacle with a closed bottom and an open top compri's-' ing the stationarybase of said lifting or propulsion apparatus, a bearing in the said closed bottom of said stationaryreceptacle'or base fitted through which operates'said drive shaft or said rotatable body, braces fitted to the said stationcontrol air inlet 'pipe'with a control valve connected to the said bottom of said stationary receptacle or base, and the whole operating in a manner creating by a flowing and rotating body of air over a gap of said lifting or propulsion apparatus a low pressure on an area on the upper surface thereof and retaining the full static at-- mospheric pressure on the lower side; thereof intact as its lifting force. a 7

2. Device as claimed in claim 1 comprising an outer stationary receptacle surrounding thefirst said stationary receptacle, cross bars or arms fitted to said drive shaft, an annular disk plate connected to said cross bars or arms, blades dis--;

posed radially and attached to the upper surface of said annular disk plate forming said apparatus lower or second air expeller, and like in said first construction cross bars, flexible member and'.

globelets disposed and connected by braces fitted to said annular disk plate of last said air expeller.

'3, Device as claimed in claim 1 comprising a bowl like receptacle keyed solidly to said drive shaft and forming part of the said rotatable body, and the whole operatingin a manner grant-d ing that by centrifugal forces, imparted by the inner surface of last said, receptacle when in rotation, will expel air therefrom to augment and to expel into free atmosphere with the said air set in motion by said air expeller.

- o'r'ro KARL, UAsn 35 7 ary receptacle or base, a cowling or pressure are 4 resting band attached to said braces, a pressure. 

